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49 Practical Activities and Methods for Human
Rights Education > Children's Rights |
Children's Rights
A child without courage is like a sky without
stars.
Themes |
Children, General human
rights, Education |
Complexity |
Level 2 |
Group size |
Any |
Time |
60 minutes |
Overview |
This activity uses diamond ranking to promote discussion
about the Convention on the Rights of the Child (the CRC),
including the issues of:
- Fundamental human rights and the special rights of
the child under the CRC
- Duties and responsibilities under the Convention
- How to claim the rights
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Related rights |
- The right to know and live with one's family
- The right to protection from economic exploitation
- The right to special treatment in court proceedings
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Objectives |
- To provide knowledge about the Convention on the Rights
of the Child (CRC)
- To develop skills to review information critically
and relate it to everyday experience
- To stimulate feelings of responsibility, solidarity,
justice and equality
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Materials |
- Statement cards - one set per small group
- A large sheet of paper to make a wall chart
- Markers
- Enough space for small groups to work independently
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Preparation |
- Refer to the abridged
version of the CRC. List the Articles on the large
sheet of paper to make a wall chart.
- Review the statement cards provided below and refer
to the CRC. Decide which Articles will promote the most
interesting discussion with your particular group. Consider
which issues are most relevant to the group members and
also which will be the most controversial.
- Prepare one set of cards for each small group. Put
each set in an envelope so that they don't get mixed up!
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Instructions
- Start with a brief review of the CRC. Ask what people know
about it. Point out the wall chart and go over the main Articles.
- Ask participants to get into small groups of three to four
people. Hand out the envelopes with the statement cards.
- Explain the diamond ranking procedure. Each small group is
to discuss the nine statements and consider how relevant each
one is to their own lives. They should then arrange them in
a diamond pattern in order of importance. They should lay the
most important statement on the table. Underneath it, they should
lay, side by side, the two next most important statements. Underneath
these, they should lay out the next three statements of moderate
importance. The fourth row should have two cards and the fifth
row one card, the statement that they thought was the least
important. In this way the cards will lie in the shape of a
diamond.
- Give the groups 25 minutes to discuss and decide the order
of ranking.
- When all the small groups have finished, let people walk
around the room to see how each group ranked the statements.
Then call everyone into plenary for a debriefing.
Debriefing and evaluation
Start by inviting each group in turn to present the results of
their discussions. Then go on to review how participants enjoyed
the activity and what they learned.
- How do the results of the different groups' discussions compare?
What are the similarities and differences?
- Why do different people have different priorities?
- As a result of listening to others, do any of the groups
wish to reconsider their own decisions about the ranking of
the cards? Which arguments were the most persuasive?
- In general, which rights are not respected in your community,
and why?
- Are there any rights which are not in the Convention that
you think should be included?
- Do you think that children need their own Convention? Why?
- If children have their own Convention, is there not a case
for a Convention for young people aged 18 to 30?
- What special rights should such a convention for young people
contain?
- It is one thing for children to have rights under the CRC,
but, in reality, how realistic is it for them to claim them?
- How do people in general claim their rights?
- If participation in the democratic process is one way for
people to claim their rights, what can the participants do now
to begin to "claim their rights" at home and in their
school or club?
- To whom, in your society, can children turn, if they know
of serious violations of their rights?
Tips for facilitators
There is more information about diamond ranking in chapter 1
"How to use the manual".
Point out to the groups that there are no right and wrong ways
in which to order the cards. They should recognise that different
people have different experiences and therefore different priorities,
and these should be respected. Nonetheless, they should try, in
each of their small groups, to come to a consensus about the order.
After all, in real life, issues have to be prioritised and decisions
made in the best interests of all!
Variations |
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Instead of providing nine Articles to be
ranked, you can provide eight and leave one card blank for the
groups to identify the ninth themselves.
Put the statement cards in a hat and ask people in turn to take
one out and to talk about it for one minute. Refer to the activity
"Just a minute", for information
on this method. Ask the small groups to write a short story or
to present a short role-play of an incident relating to selected
Articles. Alternatively, the stories/role-plays could be based
on events from the media: something heard or seen in a film or
theatre, or read in a book or magazine. The role-plays can be
developed so that participants start with the incident and go
on to improvise solutions or ways to prevent the incident in particular,
or the violation in general, from happening again.
Suggestions for follow-up
Invite someone who is familiar with the CRC, a state attorney,
the head of a child help-line, a child psychologist or someone
from the ombudsman's office, to talk to the group. Before the
talk, conduct a brainstorm of abuses of children's human rights,
for example, child abuse, sexual exploitation, neglect and bullying.
Find out from the speaker who in the local community has a duty
of care and responsibility, for example, parents, police, help-lines,
social workers, etc. Also, get advice on how to take action if
they witness a violation, especially if it is something as serious
as a neighbour maltreating their children. Such issues need to
be tackled with care, concern and caution.
Children and young people often feel discriminated against. If
the group would like to explore issues about discrimination, they
may like to do the activity "All equal,
all different". Ideas for Action
Review the school's management, policies and curriculum to see
how well the school meets its duties and responsibilities in relation
to the CRC. For example, does it provide education that is directed
to the development of the child's personality, talents and abilities,
or is there too much emphasis on cramming for exams? Do pupils
have the right to express views freely on all matters affecting
them? Are the pupils' views given due weight? In other words,
is there a school council and how effective is it? Is school discipline
administered in a manner consistent with the child's dignity?
How does the school deal with racist incidents and bullying? Discuss
where there is room for improvement and what measures could and
should be taken to address the issues. Look at the example
in "Taking action", and plan a project. Be careful not
to rush into things or do things in ways that will (unnecessarily)
upset the teachers, especially if they might resent you wresting
power from them!
It is one thing to know about children's rights and another to be able to internalise empathy, solidarity and equality. "One equals one" in the all different all equal education pack is an active way to help people reflect on individuality and identity and to promote respect for diversity.
Further information
For the full text of the Convention, relevant UNICEF documents,
published annually, on the state of the world's children, and
other books and publications relating to children's rights, see
the references in chapter
5 in the section on background information on children.
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Handouts |
Statement cards
Copy the following Articles and cut them out to make the
statement cards.
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The child has the right to express
freely views on all matters affecting him/her, and the child's
views should be given due weight. The child has the right
to freedom of expression.
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The
right of the child to freedom of thought, conscience and
religion shall be respected. The child has the right to
freedom of association and peaceful assembly.
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No
child shall be subjected to arbitrary or unlawful interference
with his/her privacy, family, home or correspondence. The
child should be protected from unlawful attacks on his/her
honour and reputation.
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Parents
have the prime responsibility for the upbringing and development
of the child.
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The
child has the right to education. The State shall make primary
education compulsory and available and free to all. School
discipline shall be administered in a manner consistent
with the child's dignity. Education should be directed towards
the development of the child's personality, talents and
abilities, towards the development of respect for human
rights and fundamental freedoms, towards the development
of a responsible life in a free society in the spirit of
peace, friendship, understanding, tolerance and equality,
and towards the development of respect for the natural environment.
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The
child has the right to rest and leisure, to play and participate
freely in cultural life and the arts.
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The
child shall be protected from economic exploitation and
from performing work that is hazardous to his/her life and
development. The child shall be protected from all forms
of sexual exploitation and sexual abuse, the use of children
in prostitution or other unlawful sexual practices, in pornographic
performances and materials.
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The
State shall take all feasible measures to protect and care
for children affected by armed conflict.
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Every
child accused of having committed an offence or crime should
be guaranteed to be presumed innocent until proven guilty,
to have legal assistance in the presenting of his/her case,
not to be compelled to give testimony or to confess guilt,
to have his/her privacy fully respected, and to be dealt
with in a manner appropriate to his/her age, circumstances
and well-being. Neither capital punishment nor life imprisonment
without possibility of release shall be imposed for offences
committed by children below the age of 18.
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